{"id":1093,"date":"2025-11-18T04:29:32","date_gmt":"2025-11-18T04:29:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/?p=1093"},"modified":"2026-01-17T14:20:45","modified_gmt":"2026-01-17T14:20:45","slug":"sports-cardiology-in-duesseldorf-expertise-for-the-sports-heart-with-dr-bruno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/sports-cardiology-in-duesseldorf-expertise-for-the-sports-heart-with-dr-bruno\/","title":{"rendered":"Sports cardiology in D\u00fcsseldorf: expertise for the sports heart with Dr. Bruno"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1093\" class=\"elementor elementor-1093\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1e034a30 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1e034a30\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c825c8e\" data-id=\"7c825c8e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-151f359b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"151f359b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-11e06614\" data-id=\"11e06614\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7117754a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7117754a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sports cardiology in D\u00fcsseldorf: expertise for the sports heart with Dr. Bruno<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-db2841b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"db2841b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-762792d4\" data-id=\"762792d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0abcb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b0abcb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/heart-attack-while-running-and-doing-fitness-and-a-2025-03-24-18-09-02-utc-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-213\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/heart-attack-while-running-and-doing-fitness-and-a-2025-03-24-18-09-02-utc-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/heart-attack-while-running-and-doing-fitness-and-a-2025-03-24-18-09-02-utc-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/heart-attack-while-running-and-doing-fitness-and-a-2025-03-24-18-09-02-utc-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/heart-attack-while-running-and-doing-fitness-and-a-2025-03-24-18-09-02-utc-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/heart-attack-while-running-and-doing-fitness-and-a-2025-03-24-18-09-02-utc.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-615eac0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"615eac0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">Sports cardiology is the highly specialized discipline that deals with the complex interactions between intensive sporting activity and the cardiovascular system. It is the crucial link between cardiology and sports medicine and requires in-depth knowledge of both disciplines. As a certified sports cardiologist, Dr. Raphael Bruno offers you the highest level of care in his practice in D\u00fcsseldorf, which aims to optimize your performance and at the same time ensure the safety of your heart.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><b>What is sports cardiology and who needs a sports cardiologist?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The <b>Sports cardiology<\/b> goes far beyond a general sports medicine examination. It deals with the specific adaptations of the heart to training, the differentiation of these normal changes from pathological findings and the prevention of the rare but tragic sudden cardiac death in sport. In addition, the sports cardiologist advises athletes with known heart disease in order to define a safe level of sporting activity.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">A sports cardiology assessment is particularly essential for the following groups of people:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>Competitive and competitive athletes<\/b> of all age groups.<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>Ambitious recreational athletes<\/b>, who train intensively (e.g. for marathons or triathlons).<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>Athletes with symptoms<\/b> such as chest pain, dizziness, excessive shortness of breath or palpitations under stress.<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>People with a positive family history<\/b> for sudden cardiac death or congenital heart disease.<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>Patients with known heart disease<\/b>, who wish to remain active in sport (\u201eReturn to Sport\u201c).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p2\"><b>The \u201eathlete's heart\u201c: normal adaptation or pathological finding?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\">Regular and intensive endurance training leads to a physiological, i.e. normal, adaptation of the heart. It becomes larger, the heart walls become moderately thicker and the resting heart rate drops. This \u201eathlete's heart\u201c is a sign of high performance. However, some serious heart diseases, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), can show a similar picture of wall thickening on ultrasound.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The core competence of <b>Sports cardiology<\/b> lies in reliably distinguishing between these two conditions. This requires the highest level of expertise in echocardiography and the interpretation of the athlete's ECG.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>Differentiation: Physiological athlete's heart vs. pathological hypertrophy<\/b><\/p>\n\n<table class=\"t1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"td1\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Feature<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td2\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Physiological athlete's heart<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td3\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Pathological hypertrophy (e.g. HCM)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"td4\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>Type of thickening<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td5\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Harmonious, symmetrical, mostly &lt; 13 mm<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td6\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Often asymmetrical, uneven, &gt; 15 mm<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"td1\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>Size of the heart chamber<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td2\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Mostly enlarged (dilated)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td3\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Often normal size or even reduced in size<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"td1\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>Diastolic function<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td2\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Normal or improved (heart fills up well)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td3\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Often disturbed (heart is stiff and fills poorly)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"td4\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>ECG changes<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td5\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Typical, harmless \u201eathlete changes\u201c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td6\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">Often clearly abnormal ECG patterns<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"td1\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>Behavior during a training break<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td2\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">The changes slowly recede<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"td3\" valign=\"middle\">\n<p class=\"p1\">The thickening remains or increases<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"p2\"><b>Sports cardiology screening: prevention of sudden cardiac death in sport<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Although very rare, sudden cardiac death in a young, seemingly healthy athlete is a tragic event. The main cause is usually unrecognized congenital heart disease. The aim of sports cardiology screening is to identify athletes with an increased risk through a targeted examination before an emergency occurs.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Such an investigation as part of the <b>Sports cardiology<\/b> is particularly important if you experience certain warning signals (\u201ered flags\u201c):<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li3\">Dizziness or fainting (syncope) during or shortly after exercise<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li3\">Unreasonably severe shortness of breath or chest pain on exertion<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li3\">Unexplained palpitations or stumbling of the heart<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li3\">Sudden, inexplicable drop in performance<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li3\">Cases of sudden cardiac death in relatives under 50 years of age<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p4\">If any of these symptoms are present, an immediate sports cardiology examination is absolutely essential.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><b>Sports cardiology for known heart disease: Staying active safely<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">In most cases today, a diagnosis of heart disease no longer means the end of sporting activity. On the contrary: targeted exercise is often an important part of therapy. The <b>Sports cardiology<\/b> plays a decisive role in answering the \u201ereturn to sport\u201c question. After a careful analysis of the individual findings, the sports cardiologist can make clear recommendations as to which types of sport are safe and beneficial to health and at what intensity. This applies to patients after a heart attack, with cardiac arrhythmia or with congenital heart defects.<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-768 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Depositphotos_77563272_XL.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1068\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Depositphotos_77563272_XL.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Depositphotos_77563272_XL-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Depositphotos_77563272_XL-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Depositphotos_77563272_XL-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Depositphotos_77563272_XL-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/>\n<p class=\"p2\"><b>The sports cardiology examination: our procedure<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">One <b>Sports cardiology examination<\/b> is more comprehensive than a simple health check. It focuses specifically on the critical aspects of heart health in sport.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>The examination in our practice in D\u00fcsseldorf typically includes:<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"ol1\">\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>Specialized anamnesis:<\/b> Detailed questioning about sporting activities, family history and any symptoms.<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>Physical examination:<\/b> With special attention to possible signs of heart disease.<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>12-lead ECG at rest:<\/b> Evaluation according to the internationally recognized, specific criteria for sports ECGs.<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>Echocardiography (cardiac ultrasound):<\/b> The central examination to assess the heart muscle, chambers and valves in order to rule out structural anomalies.<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>Exercise ECG (ergometry):<\/b> To assess blood pressure, heart rate and rhythm under maximum stress and to detect ischemia.<\/li>\n\u00a0\t<li class=\"li1\"><b>Summarized assessment and advice:<\/b> The result is a clear statement on suitability for sport and individual advice.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"p2\"><b>Frequently asked questions from sports cardiology<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\">Here you will find answers to frequently asked, specific questions in the field of sports cardiology.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and why is it dangerous for athletes?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">HCM is a congenital thickening of the heart muscle. It is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. HCM can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias during intense physical exertion. Differentiation from the harmless athlete's heart is the central task of the <b>Sports cardiology<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>I had an inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis). When can I do sport again?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">After myocarditis, a strict break from sport of at least three, often even six months, is essential. Clearance for a gradual resumption of training may only be given by a cardiologist. A comprehensive <b>Sports cardiology examination<\/b> with ECG, cardiac ultrasound and stress test is mandatory before readmission to ensure that the inflammation has completely healed.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>Is a congenital heart defect always an obstacle to competitive sport?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\">Not necessarily. This depends heavily on the type and severity of the heart defect. Many simple heart defects that are not hemodynamically relevant allow unrestricted sporting activity. In the case of more complex defects, the sports cardiologist must carry out an individual risk assessment and make clear recommendations for suitable types of sport and intensities.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>My resting heart rate is sometimes under 40 - is that still healthy?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">A very low resting heart rate (sinus bradycardia) is a typical and usually harmless sign of an economically functioning heart in well-trained endurance athletes. As long as there are no symptoms such as dizziness or poor performance, this is harmless. A <b>Sports cardiology examination<\/b> can, however, ensure that there are no pathological causes for the slow heartbeat.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>What is \u201ecommotio cordis\u201c?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Commotio cordis is an extremely rare event in which a blunt but violent blow to the chest (e.g. from a puck or ball) occurs precisely in a vulnerable phase of the cardiac cycle and triggers life-threatening ventricular fibrillation. This is a purely electrical problem in a structurally healthy heart.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>I take heart medication (e.g. beta blockers). Can I still do competitive sport?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">This must be assessed on an individual basis. Beta blockers lower the maximum heart rate and can limit endurance performance. Depending on the underlying disease and type of sport, however, adapted sporting activity is possible and sensible. Close consultation with the treating sports cardiologist is essential here.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>Are cardiac arrhythmias always dangerous during sport?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">No. Occasional extrasystoles (\u201epalpitations\u201c) also occur in completely healthy athletes and are often harmless. However, persistent palpitations, irregular pulse or rhythm disturbances that lead to dizziness must always be confirmed by a doctor. <b>Sports cardiology examination<\/b> be clarified in order to rule out dangerous forms.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>What does the \u201eSports Cardiologist (DGK)\u201c certification mean?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">This is an official additional qualification of the German Society of Cardiology (DGK). It is awarded to cardiologists who have completed structured further training and have proven expertise in the care of athletes and cardiac patients in sport. This certificate guarantees the highest level of expertise in the field of <b>Sports cardiology<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>Are there age limits for competitive sport from a cardiological point of view?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">No, there are no fixed age limits. Impressive performances can also be achieved at Master's level. However, the risk of coronary heart disease increases with age. Therefore, regular <b>Sports cardiology examination<\/b> all the more important for athletes aged 35 and over.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><b>My ECG was assessed as \u201eabnormal\u201c, but I'm in top shape. What now?<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\">The ECG of competitive athletes very often shows changes that would be considered pathological in a non-athlete. An experienced sports cardiologist can reliably distinguish these training-related adaptations from genuine pathologies. A misinterpretation by an inexperienced doctor can lead to unnecessary uncertainty and false sports bans.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><b>Your heart health in competitive sport - in expert hands<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Intense sport places high demands on your heart. To ensure that you can pursue your passion without risk, care from a proven expert is essential. As a certified sports cardiologist, Dr. Raphael Bruno in D\u00fcsseldorf offers you the professional expertise you need to assess your sports heart. 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role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on whatsapp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-whatsapp\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M380.9 97.1C339 55.1 283.2 32 223.9 32c-122.4 0-222 99.6-222 222 0 39.1 10.2 77.3 29.6 111L0 480l117.7-30.9c32.4 17.7 68.9 27 106.1 27h.1c122.3 0 224.1-99.6 224.1-222 0-59.3-25.2-115-67.1-157zm-157 341.6c-33.2 0-65.7-8.9-94-25.7l-6.7-4-69.8 18.3L72 359.2l-4.4-7c-18.5-29.4-28.2-63.3-28.2-98.2 0-101.7 82.8-184.5 184.6-184.5 49.3 0 95.6 19.2 130.4 54.1 34.8 34.9 56.2 81.2 56.1 130.5 0 101.8-84.9 184.6-186.6 184.6zm101.2-138.2c-5.5-2.8-32.8-16.2-37.9-18-5.1-1.9-8.8-2.8-12.5 2.8-3.7 5.6-14.3 18-17.6 21.8-3.2 3.7-6.5 4.2-12 1.4-32.6-16.3-54-29.1-75.5-66-5.7-9.8 5.7-9.1 16.3-30.3 1.8-3.7.9-6.9-.5-9.7-1.4-2.8-12.5-30.1-17.1-41.2-4.5-10.8-9.1-9.3-12.5-9.5-3.2-.2-6.9-.2-10.6-.2-3.7 0-9.7 1.4-14.8 6.9-5.1 5.6-19.4 19-19.4 46.3 0 27.3 19.9 53.7 22.6 57.4 2.8 3.7 39.1 59.7 94.8 83.8 35.2 15.2 49 16.5 66.6 13.9 10.7-1.6 32.8-13.4 37.4-26.4 4.6-13 4.6-24.1 3.2-26.4-1.3-2.5-5-3.9-10.5-6.6z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhatsApp\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1eb341d6\" data-id=\"1eb341d6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b66e842 elementor-search-form--skin-classic elementor-search-form--button-type-icon elementor-search-form--icon-search elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-293 elementor-widget-search-form\" data-id=\"b66e842\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;skin&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"search-form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<search role=\"search\">\n\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-search-form\" action=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/\" method=\"get\" data-trp-original-action=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-search-form__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"elementor-screen-only\" for=\"elementor-search-form-b66e842\">Search<\/label>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<input id=\"elementor-search-form-b66e842\" placeholder=\"Search.\" class=\"elementor-search-form__input\" type=\"search\" name=\"s\" value=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-search-form__submit\" type=\"submit\" aria-label=\"Search\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div 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data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:16,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7fae6c7b\" data-id=\"7fae6c7b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11a7e78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-253 elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"11a7e78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Make an appointment now<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93f4213 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-256 elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"93f4213\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"951\" src=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Dr-Rafael-bruno-Kardiologe-Dusseldorf-copy-861x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-87\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Dr-Rafael-bruno-Kardiologe-Dusseldorf-copy-861x1024.png 861w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Dr-Rafael-bruno-Kardiologe-Dusseldorf-copy-252x300.png 252w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Dr-Rafael-bruno-Kardiologe-Dusseldorf-copy-768x913.png 768w, https:\/\/kardio.pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Dr-Rafael-bruno-Kardiologe-Dusseldorf-copy.png 1006w\" 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elementor-global-281 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"387ead9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.doctolib.de\/privatpraxis\/duesseldorf\/kardiopro-duesseldorf\/booking\/new-patient?specialityId=1295&#038;profile_skipped=true&#038;bookingFunnelSource=external_referral\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-arrow-alt-circle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M504 256C504 119 393 8 256 8S8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248zm-448 0c0-110.5 89.5-200 200-200s200 89.5 200 200-89.5 200-200 200S56 366.5 56 256zm72 20v-40c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h116v-67c0-10.7 12.9-16 20.5-8.5l99 99c4.7 4.7 4.7 12.3 0 17l-99 99c-7.6 7.6-20.5 2.2-20.5-8.5v-67H140c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Make an appointment<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f8274e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4f8274e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2c066511\" data-id=\"2c066511\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-699647b elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-284 elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"699647b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Latest posts<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-645410ba elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"645410ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2942215 elementor-grid-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-none elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-287 elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"2942215\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:14,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-2169 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/respiratory-diagnostics\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tRespiratory diagnostics\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-1025 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/heart-health-at-a-glance-the-big-cardiology-check-up-in-duesseldorf\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tKeeping an eye on heart health: The big cardiology check-up in D\u00fcsseldorf.\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-2096 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/testosterone-fai-hormone-optimization\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tTestosterone, FAI &amp; hormone optimization\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-2095 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/micronutrient-analysis\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tMicronutrient analysis\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-1127 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/sports-medicine-improve-performance-protect-health-with-dr-raphael-bruno\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tSports medicine: improve performance, protect health with Dr. Raphael Bruno\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-1125 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/sports-fitness-examination-in-duesseldorf-your-certificate-for-safe-sport\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tSports fitness examination in D\u00fcsseldorf: your certificate for safe sport\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sportkardiologie ist die hochspezialisierte Disziplin, die sich mit den komplexen Wechselwirkungen zwischen intensiver sportlicher Bet\u00e4tigung und dem Herz-Kreislauf-System befasst. Sie ist das entscheidende Bindeglied zwischen<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":213,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wpscp_schedule_draft_date":"","_wpscp_schedule_republish_date":"","_wpscppro_advance_schedule":false,"_wpscppro_advance_schedule_date":"","_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":false,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"","_twitter_share_type":"","_linkedin_share_type":"","_pinterest_share_type":"","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"","_medium_share_type":"","_threads_share_type":"","_google_business_share_type":"","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":false,"datetime":null,"platforms":[],"status":"template_only","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1093","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1093","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1093"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1093\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4092,"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1093\/revisions\/4092"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1093"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1093"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kardio.pro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1093"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}